Mobile App Development FAQ

Common questions about app development, pricing, process, and ownership. Can't find what you need? Get in touch.

General

Both, though the pricing and approach are optimized for small businesses, startups, and solo operators. Most clients are businesses with 1–50 employees who want a real native app without the overhead of a large agency — no account managers, no committees, no billing by the hour for status calls. The project tiers scale from $4,500 companion apps up to $35,000 full bundles, which means there's a sensible entry point for most small-business use cases. See pricing tiers →
The entry tier is the Tier 2 Companion App + Mirror Site bundle starting at $4,500 — a native iOS and Android app paired with a simple companion website, up to 4 screens, REST API integration. Standalone Business Utility apps (no website included) start at $6,500. Tier 3 bundles (app + full multi-page website) start at $8,000, and Tier 4 full-parity builds start at $18,000. These are starting points; the final quote is based on exactly what you're building. Use the app cost estimator to get a rough range before reaching out.
A rough description of what the app should do and who it's for is enough. We'll ask follow-up questions during scoping: what the main user actions are, whether you have an existing back-end or website, what platform you're on, and what's driving the timeline. You don't need wireframes, technical specs, or a software background. A paragraph describing what the app should accomplish for your customers is a complete starting point.
Not always. Companion apps work best alongside an existing website — they sync with the same back-end and extend the customer relationship into the App Store. But standalone utility apps (ordering, scheduling, loyalty, client portals) can run independently against their own back-end without a paired website. If you need both a website and an app, building them together is the most efficient approach — shared brand, shared infrastructure, single timeline. Web design is handled through ArdinGate LLC.
Currently we work with US-based businesses only. App Store and Play Store enrollment, payment processing integrations, and the support relationship all work most reliably within the US market.
Companion apps (connected to your existing website), standalone business utility apps (ordering, scheduling, loyalty, workflows), and API-connected apps that pull live data from a back-end. Industry verticals include restaurants, salons & fitness, ecommerce, contractors & home service, and healthcare & wellness. We do not build games, social networks, or consumer marketplace apps.

Pricing

Every project includes native builds for both iOS and Android, App Store and Google Play submission handling, source code delivery, 60-day post-launch support, and ongoing managed store listings. Agencies charging $25K–$60K are doing the same thing with more overhead and more meetings. The difference here is a lean team structure with no account managers, no project management layer, and no markup for agency margin — just development, design, and delivery at a direct-contact price. See full pricing →
No — and it's not worth it. Building both iOS and Android from a shared React Native codebase is only marginally more expensive than one platform, because the shared codebase does most of the work. Your customers are split roughly 55/45 between iOS and Android nationally (the split varies by industry and region). Choosing one platform means leaving a significant portion of your potential users without access to the app for minimal cost savings. We always deliver both.
Projects are paid in two parts: a 50% deposit before work starts and the remaining 50% at launch. There's no upcharge for splitting the payment this way — it's the standard arrangement. For larger projects (Tier 3 and Tier 4 bundles), milestone-based payment structures can be discussed during scoping. The $150/mo maintenance retainer and Transfer & Handoff fee are billed separately from project payments.
Post-launch support is included for 60 days on every project — bug fixes and adjustments at no extra charge. After that, new features and updates are billed at $100/hr, or add the $150/mo managed maintenance retainer for ongoing OS compatibility updates and store listing management.
As long as your app is managed by ArdinGate Studios, we handle OS compatibility updates, bug fixes, store listing maintenance, and update submissions for both App Store and Play Store. You don't need your own developer accounts or any technical involvement — we take care of everything.

Process

Tier 2 Companion App + Mirror Site: 4–6 weeks. Standalone Business Utility App: 8–12 weeks. Tier 3 App + Complementary Website: 10–14 weeks. Tier 4 App + Full-Parity Website: 14–20 weeks. Every project starts with a Discovery phase before any timelines are committed — we won't lock in a schedule until we understand exactly what you're building. Apple and Google review times (typically 24–72 hours each) are factored into the launch estimate. See the full development process →
Discovery requires the most client involvement — usually 2–5 hours spread across intake forms, a scoping call, and follow-up clarifications. The Design phase needs your active feedback on wireframes and mockups: plan on 1–3 review rounds, typically 30–60 minutes each. Once development starts, your involvement drops significantly — weekly progress updates to review, and a round of testing before App Store submission. Total client time across a full project is typically 6–15 hours.
Unlimited revisions during the Design phase, before any code is written. We go back and forth on wireframes and mockups until you're fully satisfied and sign off. Once you approve the designs and development begins, scope changes are handled separately to keep the project on schedule.
We handle it. Rejections happen for reasons like missing privacy disclosures, metadata issues, or minor policy flags — they're common and fixable. We respond to all Apple and Google review feedback and resubmit until your app is approved. This is included in every project at no extra charge.
Yes — as long as your existing site has a way to serve data to the app. WordPress sites work through the WordPress REST API. Custom back-ends work through whatever API layer they expose. If your current setup doesn't have an API, building a lightweight one as part of the app project is straightforward. We've connected apps to Shopify, WooCommerce, Square, and custom PHP back-ends. The app's functionality is the same regardless of who originally built the site.

Ownership & Transfers

Yes — full source code is delivered to you upon final payment. You own the deliverable outright. Store listings are managed by us by default (included in all plans), but you can transfer them to your own developer accounts at any time for a flat $500 fee. Full ownership details →
No — the Transfer & Handoff package covers both App Store and Play Store together for a flat $500 fee. We don't offer single-platform transfers. Both listings move to your accounts as a package.
Everything associated with the app listing transfers — reviews, ratings, download count, in-app purchase history, and your existing user base. The transfer is completely invisible to your customers; the app continues to work normally throughout the process and they'll never know a transfer occurred. Nothing is reset or lost.
Not necessarily. Apple requires a D-U-N-S number for organization-type developer accounts, which typically means an LLC, corporation, or other registered business entity. If you're a sole proprietor without a registered business, you can enroll as an individual instead — you just won't be able to list a company name on the store. D-U-N-S registration is free through Dun & Bradstreet but can take up to 2 weeks.
No deadline, no expiration. The Transfer & Handoff package is available any time after your app launches — whether that's a week after launch or three years later. The $500 fee and the process are the same regardless of when you request it.
You can walk away at any time with everything you've paid for. Source code is delivered at final payment — you already have it. Request the Transfer & Handoff package for $500 and you'll leave with full ownership of both store listings, all associated assets, and a handoff document covering everything you need to manage the app independently. No lock-in, no penalties. Ownership details →
For a flat $500 fee, we transfer both your App Store and Play Store listings from our developer accounts to yours — both platforms together, no single-platform transfers. The package includes help setting up your Apple Developer ($99/year) and Google Play ($25 one-time) accounts, the full store listing transfer, and a handoff document covering everything you need to manage the app going forward. Available any time after launch. Full details →

Technology

Apps are built with React Native and Expo, which produces native iOS and Android apps from a shared codebase. The result is a real native app — not a wrapped website or a web view in a container — that passes App Store and Play Store review and performs like native code on device.
Building natively in Swift (iOS) and Kotlin (Android) means two completely separate codebases, two development cycles, two sets of bugs to fix, and two version submission processes — roughly double the cost and timeline for the same result. React Native with Expo produces a single codebase that delivers native-quality performance on both platforms by rendering real native UI components — not a web view, not a browser wrapper. The performance difference is negligible for business apps (ordering, booking, loyalty, client portals) and the economics for small-business clients are dramatically better. See how native compares to no-code builders →
Yes, within reason. Apps support iOS 15+ and Android 8+ by default, which covers the vast majority of active devices in the US. If you have a specific customer base that skews toward older hardware, minimum OS requirements can be adjusted during Discovery. Devices below iOS 15 or Android 8 represent less than 5% of active US devices.
Tablet layout support can be added on request. Most small-business apps are phone-first, but if your use case involves iPads or Android tablets — point-of-sale terminals, kiosk mode, staff-facing scheduling tools — tablet optimization is scoped during Discovery and priced as part of the project.
Yes — PWAs are available as a standalone add-on. For most small-business use cases a native app is the stronger choice: PWAs can't appear in the App Store, push notification support on iOS was limited until iOS 16.4, and they don't match native performance for complex interactions. That said, a PWA is a legitimate first step if App Store presence doesn't matter and you want app-like features on the web at a lower upfront cost. PWA details and pricing →

Services

Questions about specific services. Each section links to the full service page. See all services →

Cross-Platform App Development

React Native uses JavaScript and leans on native platform components — apps feel more native but can have subtle platform inconsistencies. Flutter uses Dart and renders its own UI components, which means pixel-perfect consistency across platforms but a slightly different look from native apps. Both are production-ready. The choice depends on your existing tech stack and whether perfect platform fidelity or cross-platform consistency matters more for your use case.
For 95% of app categories — yes. The scenarios where native is meaningfully better are high-performance games, AR/VR applications, and apps that need deep OS integration (like a system-level keyboard or camera app). Companion apps, booking tools, client portals, and business utility apps are all well-served by cross-platform.
A focused companion app — up to 5 screens, REST API integration with an existing website or back-end, App Store and Play Store submission, and 60 days of post-launch support. More complex apps (many screens, offline sync, push notifications, in-app purchases) are scoped individually.

iOS App Development

Not for day-to-day management. You'll need an Apple Developer account ($99/year) — that's managed in a browser. Reviewing feedback, responding to reviews, and approving version updates are all done in App Store Connect. You only need a Mac if you're submitting builds yourself, which ArdinGate handles.
Apple reviews every app and update before it's publicly available. Standard review takes 24–48 hours; apps with new features or that trigger additional scrutiny can take up to a week. Rejections are common and fixable — most are policy clarifications, privacy declaration gaps, or UI issues Apple flags. ArdinGate handles the back-and-forth with App Review.
An iOS-only app in Swift is fully native — tightest platform integration, best performance, Apple-preferred for apps that need deep OS features. Cross-platform covers both iOS and Android from one codebase, which is more efficient if you need both stores. If your users are majority iPhone and Android coverage is a nice-to-have, iOS-native is the right call.

Android App Development

Modern Android apps target API level 33+ (Android 13) and support back to API 26 (Android 8.0 Oreo) — covering 95%+ of active Android devices. If your user base skews older hardware, compatibility targets can be adjusted.
Play Store review is faster (typically 1–3 days vs. Apple's 24–48 hours on average) and generally less strict. Rejections still happen — usually for policy compliance issues around permissions, data handling declarations, or required content rating answers. ArdinGate handles the review process.
Yes if tablet support is in scope. Tablet layouts require separate UI work — most apps don't need it. If your use case benefits from a larger screen (point-of-sale, field service, kiosk mode), tablet support is scoped as an add-on.

Companion Apps

No — the app connects to your website via a REST API. As long as your current website can expose data via an API (or we can add API endpoints to it), the companion app works with any existing site. Sites already built by ArdinGate are easiest since the codebase is already known, but external sites with reasonable back-end access work fine.
A responsive website works in a browser on any device. A native companion app installs to the home screen, works offline, sends push notifications, and integrates with device features like the camera, contacts, and GPS. For businesses where re-engagement, offline access, or device integrations matter, the app does things a website can't.
A focused companion app: up to 5 screens, REST API integration with your existing site, iOS + Android, App Store + Play Store submission, and 60-day post-launch support. Apps with user auth, push notifications, offline sync, or more than 5 screens are scoped and quoted individually — typically in the Business Utility range ($6,500–$9,000).

Business Utility Apps

Any app that solves a specific operational problem: a scheduling app for booking services, an ordering app for a restaurant or retail store, a loyalty rewards app for returning customers, a dispatch app for field service teams, a time-tracking app for staff, or a custom intake form that feeds a back-end database. If there's a specific workflow you want to put in your customers' or employees' pockets, it qualifies.
Yes — offline functionality is in scope for apps that need it. Field service apps, inventory apps, and delivery apps often require offline capability because connectivity is unreliable. Offline sync uses local storage with background sync when connectivity returns. It adds complexity to the build but is a well-solved problem.
Off-the-shelf tools are the right choice if your workflow fits their model — they're faster to deploy and don't require a custom build. Where a custom build wins: your workflow doesn't fit the template (or you've been fighting the platform's limitations for months), you want to eliminate the monthly SaaS fee, or you need features the platform doesn't offer. The build pays for itself when SaaS fees compound or lock-in becomes a real cost.

API-Connected Apps

Any API with documentation and an authentication mechanism. Common integrations: Stripe (payments), Google Maps (location and mapping), Shopify or WooCommerce (product and order data), Salesforce or HubSpot (CRM data), Twilio (SMS), and custom ERP or POS APIs. If the API is documented, connecting to it is in scope.
Building the API is part of the engagement. ArdinGate builds the mobile app and the back-end API endpoints together — PHP back-end and React Native or Flutter front-end from the same team. This is more efficient than coordinating separate developers for each layer.
Most app data is fetched on screen load with a short cache — sufficient for menus, product listings, and service info. For truly real-time data (live availability, order status, chat), WebSocket or Server-Sent Events push data to the app as it changes. The right approach depends on how fast the data changes and how much staleness is acceptable.

App Redesign & Rebuild

No — a redesign/rebuild ships as an update to your existing App Store and Play Store listings, not a new app. The App ID stays the same. Users who have the app installed update automatically. Reviews, ratings, and download history are all preserved.
An app redesign starts at $3,500 for a simple app (3–5 screens, existing API unchanged). A redesign with back-end architecture changes or more than 8 screens is typically $6,000–$12,000 depending on scope.
Helpful but not required. If the original code is available, it can be referenced to understand existing API contracts and business logic, which speeds up the rebuild. If the codebase isn't available (original developer won't share it, or it's been lost), a rebuild from scratch using the live app as the spec is standard practice.

App Store & Google Play Management

Yes — the app is listed under your name or your company's name, not ArdinGate's. Apple Developer Program costs $99/year; Google Play Developer costs a one-time $25 registration fee. ArdinGate is added as an admin to your accounts for the duration of the engagement, then removed or kept depending on your preference.
Yes — standalone store listing optimization is available as a one-time engagement. This covers keyword research for App Store Search, title and subtitle optimization, description rewrite, and screenshot refresh. This is particularly valuable for apps that have been live for a while without any ASO attention.
iOS and Android release major OS versions annually and deprecate old APIs over time. Apps that haven't been updated in 2–3 years start getting compatibility warnings. ArdinGate's maintenance plans cover annual OS compatibility updates. Outside of that, feature updates happen on your schedule.

App Maintenance & Updates

The base maintenance plan covers uptime monitoring, crash alerting, one round of bug fixes per month, and the annual iOS/Android compatibility pass. App Store and Play Store update submissions are included. Feature additions are scoped separately and quoted at a reduced hourly rate for active maintenance clients.
In most cases yes — after a codebase review to confirm it's in a maintainable state. Apps written in React Native or Flutter are easiest to take over. Older native Swift or Java codebases are evaluated case-by-case; if the technical debt is significant, a partial rebuild may be recommended before a maintenance agreement starts.
App Store management focuses on the store listing — submission, metadata, review responses, version pushes. Maintenance plans cover the codebase — bug fixes, OS compatibility, feature additions, and crash monitoring. Many clients have both.

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs)

For the right use cases — yes. Content-heavy apps (menus, directories, news, documentation), apps where offline read access matters, and apps where you want to avoid the App Store process are all well-served by a PWA. PWAs don't match native apps for camera access, GPS background tracking, Bluetooth, or deep OS integrations — for those, a native or React Native build is the right choice.
Yes, with some limitations. iOS added full Service Worker support in iOS 11.3 and Web Push notification support in iOS 16.4 (March 2023). The install mechanism on iOS is "Add to Home Screen" from Safari rather than an App Store install. The experience is nearly identical to Android for most use cases.
A PWA added to an existing website is typically $1,500–$2,500 — mostly Service Worker caching strategy, manifest, and push notification infrastructure. A native iOS + Android app is $4,500+. The PWA is significantly faster and cheaper, which makes it the right first step for businesses that want app-like features before committing to a full native build.

Industry Verticals

Common questions by industry. Each section links to the full vertical page. See all industry verticals →

Restaurants & Food Service

Restaurant apps typically fall in the Companion App tier ($4,500–$6,500) for ordering + loyalty extensions that complement an existing website, or the Business Utility tier ($6,500–$9,000) for standalone apps with full ordering workflows, table management, and kitchen integrations. Tier 3 web + app bundles start at $8,000. Use the app cost estimator for a rough range before reaching out.
For your existing customer base, yes. A custom ordering app captures repeat orders at zero commission versus 15–30% per order on delivery platforms. It won't replace the marketplace discovery function — new customers finding you on DoorDash for the first time — but every repeat order through your own app is a full-margin order.
Yes — the app is published to the Apple App Store and Google Play Store under your business name. Customers download it like any other app. Once installed it works natively: push notifications, saved orders, loyalty balances, and one-tap reorder.

Salons, Spas & Fitness

Booking-driven apps typically fall in the Companion App tier ($4,500–$6,500) for simpler booking + loyalty, or the Business Utility tier ($6,500–$9,000) for full scheduling with memberships, class packs, and staff management. The right tier depends on practitioner count, service types, and whether membership billing needs to be built in.
Yes, for the core functionality: booking, memberships, class packs, loyalty, and client records. A custom app doesn't charge per-location monthly fees or transaction percentages, and your clients interact with your brand rather than a marketplace platform. Payback period for most multi-location studios is 12–18 months.
Yes — client-facing self-booking is a core feature. Clients can view availability, book appointments or classes, manage recurring bookings, and handle cancellations within the app. You set the rules: advance booking windows, cancellation policies, waitlist behavior, and buffer times between appointments.

Ecommerce & Retail

Ecommerce apps typically fall in the Companion App tier ($4,500–$6,500) for catalog + checkout extensions to an existing Shopify or WooCommerce store, or the Business Utility tier ($6,500–$9,000) for standalone apps with full ordering, inventory sync, loyalty, and subscription billing. The right tier depends on SKU count, whether you need offline browsing, and the complexity of your loyalty or subscription logic.
Yes — inventory sync with Shopify, WooCommerce, Square, and custom back-ends is a core feature. Product catalog, pricing, stock levels, and order status stay in sync automatically. You manage your catalog in one place and the app reflects changes in real time. No dual-entry, no separate product management interface.
Shopify's mobile site is fine for first-time buyers. For repeat customers, a native app wins on every metric that matters: 1-tap checkout with stored payment and address, push notifications that open at 5–10× the rate of emails, offline browsing on cached product pages, and a home screen icon that keeps your brand visible between purchases. The ROI case is strongest for brands with a significant repeat-buyer base — subscription boxes, consumables, niche apparel, hobby specialty.

Contractors & Home Service

Contractor apps typically fall in the Business Utility tier ($6,500–$9,000) for job scheduling, quoting, client management, and dispatch. Simpler field apps — technician task lists, inspection checklists, digital work orders — may fit the Companion App tier ($4,500–$6,500) if they complement an existing system rather than replacing one. The right scope depends on whether you need customer-facing booking or just internal field tools.
Yes — dual-sided apps with a customer-facing booking interface and a separate field worker dispatch view are a standard pattern for home service businesses. Customers book, the system routes the job to the right technician, the tech gets job details on their phone, and the customer gets status updates and an invoice when the job closes. It replaces phone-tag scheduling and paper work orders in one build.
For the core functionality — scheduling, quoting, invoicing, and client records — yes. A custom app doesn't charge per-technician monthly seat fees or take a percentage of invoices. For very large operations with complex route optimization and deep accounting integrations, an enterprise platform may still make sense. For most independent contractors and small multi-tech operations, the payback period on a custom build is 12–24 months.

Healthcare & Wellness

Healthcare and wellness apps typically fall in the Business Utility tier ($6,500–$9,000) for appointment booking, intake forms, patient records, and billing. Simpler wellness apps — class booking and membership management for non-clinical businesses — often fit the Companion App tier ($4,500–$6,500). Clinical apps with EHR integration or telehealth video add scope beyond these ranges.
HIPAA compliance is an architecture and infrastructure requirement, not a feature checkbox. Apps that store or transmit Protected Health Information (PHI) must use encrypted storage, secure API transport, audit logging, access controls, and a Business Associate Agreement with every third-party vendor that touches PHI. We build with HIPAA-compliant infrastructure for clinical projects. Non-clinical wellness apps (fitness tracking, class booking, loyalty) typically don't handle PHI and don't require the same architecture. This is scoped explicitly in Discovery.
Yes — digital intake forms are a standard feature. Patients complete health history, consent forms, and intake questionnaires before their first appointment. Responses are stored securely in the patient record and accessible to the provider before the visit. Forms can be triggered as a push notification or email link before the first visit, or completed during account setup.

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